Java programs that use JDBC to connect to the database and 
                  can carry out the operations like inserting, updating and deleting 
                  data.
                · Developing ER diagrams according to the needs of the 
                  enterprise.
                  · DDL to map the ER diagrams to relational tables. 
                  · Making sure to enforce all the constraints that are 
                  enforceable via DDL (using primary key, foreign key, or using 
                  triggers). 
                
                  Estimating the time in milliseconds to complete the query when 
                  data is stored in each of the following formats:
                  · Heap file (no index).
                  · File sorted on the search key (no index).
                  · A dense clustered B+ tree index, with separate files 
                  for data and index entries.
                 Conceptual Object Data Model (CODM).